What should the nurse emphasize with these students? The direct medical costs of healthcare-associated infections in U.S. hospitals and the benefits of prevention. Which finding should the nurse identify as being the most significate? Lippincott Journals Subscribers, use your username or email along with your password to log in. The recommendations are based on scientific evidence and expert opinion and are regularly updated as … It can be related to any of the following: 1. Savitz LA, Jones CB, Bernard S. In: Henriksen K, Battles JB, Marks ES, Lewin DI, eds. What airborne precautions should the nurse take while caring for this patient? (select all that apply). Communicable diseases can be transmitted to patients who are under the care of healthcare workers who report for work when they're ill. You have the responsibility to look after your own health to avoid compromising patient safety. The potential for reducing the risk of acquiring an HAI and restoration of the patient to an optimum level of health is realized when supportive devices that are no longer needed are promptly removed. Hyperthermia secondary to infective process of appendicitis as evidenced by temperature of 38.5 degrees Celsius, rapid breathing, profuse sweating, and chills. The nurse is collecting a sputum specimen for a patient with staphylococcal pneumonia will: point out possible break in surgical asepsis and provide another set of sterile gloves and a fresh sterile field. A recent study found HAIs to be the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, costing the healthcare industry $6 billion annually. Use of antibiotics in case the patient has an infection She should give electrolyte replacement if the patient is vomiting or has diarrhea Studies in the medical literature have demonstrated that nearly everything in the healthcare setting—from surfaces, to healthcare workers' hands, to medical equipment—can serve as a reservoir and vector for opportunistic pathogenic organisms. Spend time talking with patient during and between care activities. A patient is hospitalized with pertussis. Familiarize yourself with these strategies or know how to access them. When the patient complains of vague symptoms of malaise and fatigue and has a low grade fever, but has no other specific signs of illness, the nurse suspects that this patient is in the plan of care to: The nurse is aware that the patient most at risk for a health care-associated infection (HAI) would be the: use proper hand hygiene before and after caring for any patient, before donning gloves, and after their removal. Lack of immunization 9. We make sure the patient understands that the hub of the central line must be scrubbed appropriately between each injection and connection to the central line.”. asses and document skin condition around the incision and IV site at each shift. (select all that apply), The nurse is contributing to a staff education program about infection control. a. I will not develop the infection unless I have physical contact with the client. Your message has been successfully sent to your colleague. The normal urinary tract is sterile above the urethra. HIV-2 is a retrovirus identified in 1986 in AIDS patients in West Before entering the room, which of the following actions should the nurse take? c. Sodium-restricted diet with high-protein snacks bid. Ask about joining the product evaluation team to provide such input and give feedback to the organization about safety devices used in your facility. The nurse would recognize the need for further instruction if the nursing student states, "I must: A patient had abdominal surgery 3 days ago and now has a temperature of 101.2 and reports feelings of malaise. An appropriate intervention for this patient is to: wear a gown to protect the uniform and wear barrier gloves to roll the soiled sheets together and place them in the designated container. Often, practices that clean (remove dirt and other impurities), sanitize (reduce the number of microorganisms to safe levels), or disinfect (remove most microorganisms but not highly resistant ones) aren't sufficient to prevent infection. Kramer A, Schwebke I, Kampf G. How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate surfaces? And it's the nurse who reinforces teaching and empowers patients and their families to expect and remind healthcare workers to perform hand hygiene at the appropriate times. Patient teaching is an essential part of nursing care of the patient with a genital herpes infection. Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are numerous, costly, and largely preventable events that can cause significant illness—and even death—particularly in vulnerable elderly patients. Nursing Intervention for Meningitis Infected Patient: In the case of the acute stage, nursing intervention for the hospitalized patient is very important. b. I should wear an N95 respirator to provide care for the client with influenza. The nurse clarifies that the duties of the facility's infection Preventionist include: (select all that apply). The nurse encourages the 84-year-old patient who is recovering from a hip replacement to: Maintain medical asepsis and proper handling of the contaminated dressings. The nurse reviews the method of transmission of Rocky Mountains spotted fever with a patient being treated for the disease. You're responsible for cleaning and disinfecting the device between each patient use. Nursing Interventions. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2007:2480–2483. Be supportive, allowing for verbalization. Infection prevention has become a key focus in the realm of patient safety. 11th ed. The nurse is reviewing patient care needs with a nursing assistant. Although the mother had chickenpox, as a child, she is concerned about her baby. CDC. Start tube feedings tid via nasogastric tube. 3. [email protected]. (Select all that apply). The nurse is providing care to a patient with a fractured femur who is in traction. The nurse wants to ensure that a hospitalized patient with a healthy immune system does not contract an infectious disease. Good wound-site care is essential to avoid exit-site infection, and should include keeping the drain site clean and dry. The most contagious stage of the infection is the ________ period. The nurse is instructing one of the facility's unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) about how to correctly use a sharps container. The nurse is aware that this patient is at risk for a hospital-acquired infection because the: send the specimen to the lab in a biohazard bag. When you complete an initial nursing assessment of a patient, you're in an excellent position to notify the physician immediately of unexpected signs and symptoms, thereby reducing infection transmission and expediting patient treatment. The elderly are more susceptible to infection for a variety of reasons. Nursing made Incredibly Easy9(3):36-41, May-June 2011. We give you the basic strategies you need for … Patient and family education are critical aspects of providing care to patients and their families. Assess and monitor patient’s nutritional status by … Utilizing the skills and knowledge of nursing practice, you can facilitate patient recovery while minimizing complications related to infections. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2007:2481. The nurse should: Cleanse patients from the rectum to the urinary meatus.". Infections of the urinary tract for patients without indwelling catheters are second only to respiratory infections in adults over the age of 65 living in the community, with UTIs the most commonly diagnosed infection in older adults (Rowe & Juthani-Mehta, 2013). The nurse is contributing to a staff education program about infection control. An 88-year-old who lives in an apartment for senior citizens. Nursing Care of Patients With Infections Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. what is the best response by the nurse? The patient for whom the nurse should observe Contact Precautions in addition to Standard Precautions would be diagnosed with: When the nurse is explaining tier 2 as developed by the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committees, the nurse will emphasize that the purpose of Tier 2 is to: In caring for a patient with active TB, the nurse should anticipate: put my fingers inside the opening to push the item well inside the container.". A patient who has active primary TB is placed on Airborne Precautions. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as fluid-resistant cover gowns, disposable gloves, masks, and eye protection (in the event of splash), provides safety for the nurse providing care. With a magnesium-containing antacid. Which statement related to disease transmission should the nurse include in the patient's discharge teaching? Nursing-sensitive indicators are actions and interventions performed by the nurse when providing patient care within the scope of nursing practice. The nurse should wash her hands with: neutrophil count is decreased and the monocyte and the lymphocyte counts are both elevated. A) Restrict oral fluids B) Apply lotion to dry skin C) Provide alcohol-based mouthwash D) Massage back with a skin drying agent A culture measures the level of an antibiotic. a. Which finding should the nurse expect in this patient? The nurse is caring for a pregnant woman who is fearful that her unborn child will be born blind because of having a sexually transmitted infection … All rights reserved. In addition, the nurses explain that the dressing should always look pristine, clean, dry, and intact, and who to call if it is not. The nurse should be aware in planning care of elderly patients that the elderly are at risk due to: (select all that apply). A nurse teaching family members about hand hygiene in the home would emphasize: A nurse is using PPE before entering the room of a patient with diarrhea and vomiting who is being treated for an intestinal infection. The item(s) has been successfully added to ", This article has been saved into your User Account, in the Favorites area, under the new folder. Infection prevention has become a key focus in the realm of patient safety. Healthcare organizations are responsible for providing and making this protection available to all healthcare workers at no charge. The correct way to handle soiled linens in the room of a patient who is on Contact Precautions is for the nurse to: "you must be feeling bored being shut up in here. A family member has been instructed in the administration of subcutaneous medication at home. Pelvic inflammatory Nursing Diagnoses Objectives of Care Nursing Interventions and Rationale disease The patient will expressPelvic inflammatory Acute pain After establishing that the patient has no drug allergies, administer an antibiotic and feelings of comfort.disease (PID) is an Anxiety an analgesic as ordered. The nurse would correctly do which of the following? The nurse clarifies that the difference between the use of earlier types of isolation procedures and the use of Standard Procedures plus Transmission-Based Precautions as outlined by the CDC is: a special particulate filter mask (respirator) will be worn by anyone entering the room. The nurse recognizes that further instruction is warranted when the UAP states, "I will: Turn faucets on and off using a paper towel. The nurse is discharging a patient who has been treated for conjunctivitis. The nursing intervention most likely to decrease the chance of health care-associated infections for a 76-year-old patient following bowel resection surgery would have the patient: wear a mask if working within 3 feet of patient. Improving patient outcomes and decreasing infection rates require a multidisciplinary approach with strong leadership support, impeccable nursing assessment and care, and adherence to evidence-based guidelines for medical treatment. The nurse responds that a process called phagocytosis will: stimulate the body to make antibodies for the hepatitis B antigen. If this protection isn't readily available in your place of employment, discuss the issue with your supervisor. Family presence during resuscitation in a rural ED setting, My aching back: Relieving the pain of herniated disk, Nurses and smoking cessation: Get on the road to success, The nurse's quick guide to I.V. The nurse is the member of the healthcare team who leads the rest of the team in practicing prevention strategies to protect the patient from infection. Nurses and other healthcare workers often use medical devices on more than one patient. It's employed to maximize and maintain asepsis—the absence of pathogenic organisms—in the clinical setting. B will: neither are at risk, because the mother has naturally acquired immunity, and she passes antibodies to the baby through breast milk. Sterile items untouched by nonsterile items. Some bacteria and viruses can live on inanimate objects and surfaces for weeks or even months. 2. B. C. D. Avoiding shortcuts can minimize the potential for disease transmission. Routine rounding to evaluate the patient's need for such devices is your responsibility. For immediate assistance, contact Customer Service: Patients should check their temperature daily and report a fever to their provider, because this could mean the infection is getting worse. Furthermore, as many as 380,000 patients may die each year as a result of an infection that they contract. It's important to develop the habit of routinely performing hand hygiene when performing patient-care tasks and procedures or handling medical devices and equipment (see When to performhand hygiene). The nurse has contributed to a staff education program about the principles for the first tier of standard precautions. It's the nurse who prompts the physician and the rest of the team by reporting patient response and improvement. to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without Take care of the pain which can either be associated with any infection or with any surgery. Which information should the nurse recommend including as an example of a portal of exit for a pathogen in the chain of infection? When performing tasks and procedures, such as starting a peripheral I.V. It's the nurse who typically explains to the patient the rationale for strategies and treatments. (select all that apply), A nurse is caring for a patient in protective isolation for extreme immunosuppression. As a nurse, you're an essential member of the healthcare team. Which item is the most important for the nurse to wear if the possibility of handling body secretions exists? The nurse must use the principles of asepsis in all patient care activities, recognize risk factors of infection, and understand the importance of such details as proper nutrition, oral hygiene, and skin care. (select all that apply), Measles, Shingles, Infectious mononucleosis, A patient is being admitted for treatment of a viral infection. 2. The nurse explains the body's normal flora serve as: A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). Before discharge, in order to prevent infecting other family members, the nurse would teach the patient to: The nurse is aware that the use of ethylene oxide gas is reserved for the sterilization of: The nurse recommends a good agent for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home is: The situation in which protective eyewear is required is: encourage fluid intake to keep urine dilute. Klein E, Smith DL, Laxminarayan R. Hospitalizations and deaths caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, United States, 1999–2005. Your account has been temporarily locked due to incorrect sign in attempts and will be automatically unlocked in Masks aren't needed, and doors don't need to be closed. The nurse is providing care for a patient with a known allergy of sulfamethoxazole(gantanol). 1. What should the nurse recommend as examples of diseases that are transmitted by direct contact? Treat with dignity and regard for patient’s feelings. Please try again soon. An 84-year-old patient is hospitalized for an infected stasis ulcer on his ankle. A nurse is the one who has to administer the medication according to the health requirements of the patient like: Proper dosage of insulin according to the glucose levels and make it compulsory. Delayed immune response, impaired thorax expansion. The nurse is preparing to give a newly prescribed antibiotic to a patient with an infected surgical incision. The nurse is collecting data from a patient with a systemic infection. According to the CDC, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) account for an estimated 1.7 million infections and 99,000 associated deaths each year in American hospitals. The nurse is caring for a patient with herpes simplex. You can also make a significant impact in reducing patient potential for acquiring an HAI. For which medical diagnosis should the nurse suspect the patient is receiving care? 8. This is focussed on making the patient’s airway clean and safe form infections Which action is essential for the nurse to do before giving antibiotic? The inanimate transmitter is called: The nurse instructs a patient that in order to reduce diseases that are transmitted via droplet, the nose and mouth should be covered by: The nurse is aware that the first barrier to pathogen invasion is the: An enzyme found in the mucous membranes that is bactericidal is: A nurse is caring for a patient who was exposed to Bacillus anthracis. The nurse is preparing to provide patient care. Infection preventionists typically provide a variety of services to healthcare organizations; however, it's the nurse who provides care at the bedside who has the ability to directly impact infection prevention, resulting in positive patient outcomes. All registration fields are required. 3. The maintenance bundle for CLABSI prevention includes changing the dressing every 7 days and as needed if loose or soiled, scrubbing the needleless hub before accessing the site, and removing unnecessary lines. These precautions require one to assume that all patients are infectious regardless of their diagnosis. Get new journal Tables of Contents sent right to your email inbox, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5116.pdf, http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/Scott_CostPaper.pdf, Articles in PubMed by Sandra Benson, BSN, RN, Articles in Google Scholar by Sandra Benson, BSN, RN, Other articles in this journal by Sandra Benson, BSN, RN, Proper indwelling catheter use to prevent CAUTIs, Looking to improve your bedside report? Try SBAR. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of: A young patient became ill with monoculeosis that she contracted from drinking out of the same glass as her boyfriend who also had the disease. Chapter 25: Care of Patients with Infection Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. Housekeeping staff members sometimes avoid touching such equipment for fear of causing damage; therefore, pathogens and dust collect, becoming a potential vector for transmission of infection. (select all that apply), Tachycardia, hypotension, Mental confusion, The nurse suspects that patient is developing sepsis. 1 hour before meals. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. In nursing homes and other long-term adult care facilities, it is estimated that somewhere between one and three million infections take place each year. Please try after some time. The nurse observes a patient being transported though the hall wearing a mask. The nurse explains that: Heath personnel should wash their hands with soap and water at the beginning of their shift for: An organism that is included in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing pneumonia group is: The nurse explains that medical asepsis differs from surgical asepsis in that medical asepsis: All organisms have been killed or removed from materials that come in contact with the patient. Patients with UTI, especially catheter-associated infection, are at increased risk for Gram-negative sepsis. Registered users can save articles, searches, and manage email alerts. The nurse is assisting with the reorganization of the clean utility room. Registered users can save articles, searches, and manage email alerts. Assess for the presence or history of nutritional deficits such as inadequate oral intake, GI disease, and increased metabolic need. Benson, Sandra BSN, RN; Powers, Jan PhD, RN, CCRN, CCNS, CNRN, FCCM. 13. Which organism should the nurse recognize as being the most likely cause of this infection? The nurse cautions that a person in the incubation period of an infection: based on the premise in the new procedures that all body substances except sweat may be infectious, even when the person is not known to have a specific disease. Due to the multiple health issues and problems that a patient with cancer may have in the duration of the disease, you may encounter the need to implement several nursing care plans. Your facility will have infection control and prevention plans, policies, procedures, and protocols for addressing the care and placement of patients suspected of having a communicable disease. HIV- 1 is a retrovirus isolated and recognized as the etiologic agent of AIDS. The nurse is caring for a patient who is immunocompromised.Which action should the nurse take to ensure that the patient does not develop a hospital-acquired infection? Director of Clinical Nurse Specialists and Nursing Research • St. Vincent Hospital • Indianapolis, Ind. may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed The bundle for CLABSI prevention includes the best insertion practices of using maximal barrier precautions during insertion, using chlorhexidine gluconate for cleaning the site, and avoidance of femoral sites. 800-638-3030 (within USA), 301-223-2300 (international) Inadequate primary defense, like tissue damage and broken sk… After an infection control in-service, which statement by the nurse demonstrates an accurate understanding of the mode of transmission of influenza? Which item should the nurse wear when caring for this patient? By law, nurses should have input into the choice of safety devices used in the healthcare facility. A patient learns that a serum antibody test is positive. You can reduce the transmission of HAIs by performing hand hygiene consistently before each patient contact, after each patient contact, after contact with environmental surfaces and equipment/medical devices, and before and after donning gloves. The nurse is aware that gram-negative bacteria are capable of causing hemorrhagic shock by the production of a(n) _________________. To prevent a urinary infection in an elderly patient who is in traction for a broken femur, the nurse would: don non-sterile gloves and gown, remove the soiled sheet, replace it with a clean one, and then dispose of the sheet in a plastic bag to prevent skin or clothing contact. A nurse is instructing a nursing student about principles of aseptic technique. Nurses are responsible for most direct patient care in health care settings, so they are closely involved with infection control and prevention.
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