research paper on reproductive system

Environ Health Perspect 124(8):1299–1307. Finally, case aggregation and comparison entail the aggregation of data from multiple cases to refine theories about when and how programs work. When people discussed their health services in groups of peers, they could better share their opinions than in mixed groups. Mechanisms are triggered in certain contextual conditions and not in others, drawing attention to the importance of context and its effect on agency. Correspondence to Hamal M, de Cock Buning T, De Brouwere V, Bardají A, Dieleman M. How does social accountability contribute to better maternal health outcomes? Soy-Based Infant Formula Feeding and Ultrasound-Detected Uterine Fibroids Among Young African-American Women With No Prior Clinical Diagnosis of Fibroids. [Accessed online 25 June 2019], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1998;80:5–23. 24(3):447-453. 2017;35(2):289–311. Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Reproductive Outcomes among Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization: Results from the EARTH Study. Baluchistan: Lessons from the Integrated Afghan Refugee Assistance Program Midwifery Training Project; 2014. All authors conceived of the manuscript. Google ScholarÂ. 2019. Approaches and methods developed outside of the health field that are sensitive to power relations are increasingly used in health to research and evalute programs, including social accountability for sexual and reproductive health. Affiliated with the European Society of Reproductive Immunology and with the International Society for Immunology of Reproduction. Theobald S, Morgan R, Hawkins K, Ssali S, George A, Molyneux S. The importance of gender analysis in research for health systems strengthening; 2017. p. v1–3. Marston C, McGowan CR, Boydell V, Steyn P. Methods to measure effects of social accountability interventions in reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health programs: systematic review and critique. Research shows exposure to environmental factors could affect reproductive health in the following ways: NIEHS conducts and funds research to understand environmental factors that may affect human reproductive health. Reproductive Biology is an international, quarterly, peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality original research articles, short communication, technical notes, reviews and mini-reviews dealing with all aspects of reproduction.. 2011;11(S3):S4. Holy Family Announces Re-Financing Details Published: March 10, 2014 On September 30, 2013, Holy Family University President S. Francesca Onley, CSFN, PhD, announced the refinancing of the University’s debt. DES Exposure: Questions and Answers. 2017. CAS  Occup Environ Med 74(6):426-431. For example, a project team implementing a social accountability project aiming to improve the quality of care in services aimed at preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Malawi developed indicators of care “in a consultative, participatory process … [where] participants discussed each indicator and agreed on a … score” [12]. This benefits industry and regional communities. Balestra GL, Dasgupta J, Sandhya YK, Mannell J. Article  This study is no longer accepting participants. Environ Health Perspect. Diverse teams and participatory approaches can be integrated into all the approaches and methods described here. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Infertility or reduced fertility (difficulty getting pregnant). These topics will help you to build an argument and increase your grades. Upson K, Sathyanarayana S, Scholes D, Holt V. 2015. We also want to thank James Kiarie, Alice Monyo and Dela Nai for reviewing the manuscript. The role of power in shaping health status and disparities, access to health care, the quality of care that communities receive, and social hierarchies (e.g., relating to caste, race, gender, ability, or class) has been theorised in many disciplines – ranging from social psychology to anthropology and political science [1, 2]. 2016. Upson K, Harmon QE, Baird DD. They allow Australian government and primary producers to co-invest in research and development (R&D). Process tracing can be particularly useful in assessing variations in policy implementation and the drivers for these differences, such as a study conducted by Ruibal that describes the political determinants of differing levels of compliance with abortion law in Argentina [23]. They also function as glands because they produce and release hormones. The concepts of structure and agency here can be related to power in that hierarchies of power constitute a structure, limiting agency, such as the intersectional influence of gender norms and social hierarchies on disabled women’s ability to obtain contraception from their local health facility. Our vision is the attainment by all people of the highest possible level of sexual and reproductive health. Hum Reprod 34(1):109−117. Unpacking power dynamics in research and evaluation on social accountability for sexual and reproductive health and rights. Failure to assess power dynamics can mean failure to identify crucial contextual characteristics that must change to improve sexual and reproductive health. Scorecards and social accountability for improved maternal and newborn health services: a pilot in the Ashanti and Volta regions of Ghana. The authors also found that no studies took an explicit systems approach and the analyses generally did not examine the extent to which programs influenced or were influenced by power dynamics within the health system and broader social structures [9].